Coal Pyrolysis Plant

Introduction to coal pyrolysis technology

Coal pyrolysis technology is heating coal in hypoxic conditions. It breaks down coal into gas, tar, coke and other valuable products. It is a key step of coal transformation.

the process of coal pyrolysis plant

STEP 1: Feeding system: Feed the coal into the pyrolysis reactor to ensure a continuous flow of raw materials into the pyrolysis reactor for the pyrolysis process.
STEP 2: Pyrolysis system: 1st stage‌: The temperature is increased to 300-350℃, this stage is mainly the drying of coal, which is mainly to remove water and volatile substances in coal. 2nd stage‌: the temperature is increased to 550-600℃. At this stage, the organic materials in the coal begin to decompose and produce a large number of volatile products. 3rd stage‌: the temperature is increased to 600-1000℃， This stage further breaks down the residual material in the coal and produces coke and other solid products.
STEP 3: Condensation system: Coal pyrolysis produces oil and gas, oil and gas break down heavy oil residue and light oil and gas through a buffer tank, and then the light oil and gas are cooled into liquid fuel in a condensing system.
STEP 4: Slag discharge system: After coal pyrolysis, the residue left in the pyrolysis reactor is carbon black slag. The slag discharging system uses the screw inside the slag discharging device to discharge the carbon black from the reactor to the outside of the system. The carbon black residue is stored in the carbon black tank.
STEP 5: Flue gas treatment system: It removes pollutants such as particulate matter, sulfur oxides (SOx), and nitrogen oxides (NOx) from flue gas produced during coal pyrolysis. This includes cooling, dust collection, desulfurization, denitrification, and other stages to achieve clean emissions.

equipments of coal pyrolysis plant

Pyrolysis reactor

A pyrolysis reactor is a device for coal pyrolysis, It continuously heats coal to high temperatures and makes it break down pyrolysis gas, tar, semi-coke, and other products through high temperatures.

Buffer tank

A buffer tank is mainly used for storing and regulating the flow and pressure of coal slurry to ensure a stable supply of coal slurry during pyrolysis. The buffer tank acts as a buffer and stabilizes the flow of coal slurry, thereby optimizing the pyrolysis process.

Condensation systems

During coal pyrolysis, condensation systems are used to separate and recover various liquid byproducts including coal tar, which is produced during the thermal decomposition of coal under hypoxic conditions.

Oil-water separator

The oil-water separator is mainly separated oil and water during coal pyrolysis to ensure the normal operation of the pyrolysis system. This equipment removes small amounts of droplets containing mechanical wear or other impurities, as well as large numbers of tiny droplets suspended in them through physical effects such as sedimentation, buoyancy, and electromagnetic force. This stage ensures that the gas in the pyrolysis system is pure and avoids the accumulation of water and oil, thus preventing equipment damage.

Desulfurizing tower

A desulfurizing tower is usually used to deal with exhaust gas produced during coal pyrolysis to achieve environmental requirements. The desulfurizing tower is an important device of the flue gas desulphurization system, its main function is to carry out desulfurization reactions, treat industrial waste gas, and reduce air pollution.

the advantages of coal pyrolysis plant

01.High efficiency

The coal pyrolysis technology breaks down gas, liquid, and solid products under high-temperature conditions. By controlling temperature, pressure reaction medium, and other conditions, product composition and yield can be adjusted to achieve efficient utilization of coal resources.

02.Eco-friendly

The coal pyrolysis technology, as a way of energy conversion instead of combustion, could reduce greenhouse gas emissions such as carbon dioxide, which helps protect the environment.

03.Wide application

The coal pyrolysis technology has wide applications in energy, chemical, metallurgy, and other fields. In the energy industry, coal pyrolysis could realize clean and efficient utilization of coal the chemical industry, syngas, and tar produced by coal pyrolysis could be used to make chemical products. In the metallurgy industry, coke produced by coal pyrolysis could be used in blast furnace smelting.

application of final products

Coal tar

It is used to extract phenolic substances, used in medicine, pesticides, synthetic resins, and other fields.
It is used to fuel oil, used in industrial heating furnaces with high calorific value.
It is used to produce coal tar pitch coke as electrode material and fuel in the metallurgical industry.

Syngas

It is a mixture of carbon monoxide (CO), hydrogen (H₂), methane (CH₄), and other light hydrocarbons, the coal pyrolysis could be used as chemical feedstock gas in methanol synthesis and indirect liquefaction processes.
It could used as the raw material for ammonia synthesis for the production of fertilizer.
It could be used as fuel to generate power and Synthetic fuel industry.

Carbon

A solid by-product rich in carbon, it is used as fuel. It could used for agricultural soil amendments.
It could be used rubber as reinforcers and fillers to improve the performance of rubber products.
It is widely used in metallurgical engineering, for the manufacture of special-shaped parts, and for aerospace applications.

Coal Pyrolysis Projects by AGICO Group

Up to now, AGICO Group has built a number of coal pyrolysis production lines and launched an integrated project service model, which can provide one-stop solutions for program design, equipment manufacturing, installation and construction, and contracting operation.